低能量激光治疗对临床患者种植体周围炎的疗效研究

Effect of low energy laser therapy on peri-implantitis in clinical patients

目的 实验采用基础治疗结合低能量激光照射疗法对种植体周围炎患者进行治疗,旨在阐明激光在临床治疗过程中的作用。 方法 选择天津市第一中心医院口腔科2017年9月至2018年3月诊断为早期种植体周围炎的患者38例(50枚种植体),随机分为激光治疗组和常规治疗对照组,每组各25枚种植体。对照组种植体接受基础治疗。激光治疗组种植体在接受对照组治疗的基础上联合使用低能量激光(808 nm GaAlAs半导体连续激光,输出功率80 mW、能量密度为4 J/cm2、光斑面积0.28 cm2,每个种植体龈袋内照射时间15 s)进行照射治疗。分别在治疗前及治疗后第2、8周检查两组种植体牙龈指数(GI)、菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)和探诊深度(PD)。 结果 两组治疗后2周与8周时的各项指标较其基线均有改善,其差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,治疗后2周治疗组GI显著降低(P=0.018);治疗后8周治疗组GI、PD、SBI显著降低(P值分别为P<0.001,P=0.018,P<0.001)。 结论 在能量密度4 J/cm2下,波长808 nm的低能量激光照射可加速基础治疗后种植体周围炎的组织愈合。

Objective To study the effectiveness of basic therapy combined with low energy laser irradiation therapy to the patients with peri-implantitis, and to clarify the effect of laser irradiation in the treatment process. Methods A total of 38 patients (50 implants) who were diagnosed with early peri-implantitis from September 2017 to March 2018 in the Department of Stomatology, Tianjin First Central Hospital were randomly divided into the laser treatment group (n=25) and the conventional treatment group (n=25). The control group received basic treatment, and the laser treatment group received basic treatment combined with low energy laser irradiation (808 nm GaAlAs semiconductor continuous laser, average output power 80 mw, energy density 4 J/cm2, facula area 0.28 cm2, 15 seconds irradiation for each implant bag). The GIgingival index (GI), plaque index (PLI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI) and probe depth (PD) were examined before and 2 weeks and 8 weeks after the treatment. Results At 2 weeks and 8 weeks after the treatments, the indexes of the two groups were both improved compared with the baseline, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the GI was significantly decreased (P=0.018) at 2 weeks after the treatment, and the GI, PD, and SBI were significantly decreased at 8 weeks after the treatment (P<0.001, P=0.018, and P<0.001, respectively). Conclusions At an energy density of 4 J/cm2, low energy laser irradiation at a wavelength of 808 nm can accelerate tissue healing of peri-implant inflammation after basic treatments.