溴化1-乙烯基-3-烷基咪唑离子液体/环氧丙烯酸酯阻燃涂层性能研究

Properties of Flame Retardant Coatings Based on 1-Vinyl-3-Alkylimidazole Bromide Ionic Liquids/Epoxy Acrylate

以1-乙烯基咪唑和不同的溴代烷烃(1-溴乙烷、1-溴丙烷、1-溴丁烷)为原料,通过N-烷基化反应制备出溴化1-乙烯基-3-烷基咪唑类离子液体([VAIM]Br),即:溴化1-乙烯基3-乙基咪唑([VEIM]Br),溴化1-乙烯基-3-正丙基咪唑([VPIM]Br),溴化1-乙烯基-3-正丁基咪唑([VBIM]Br)。将[VAIM]Br离子液体、丙烯酸胺、丙烯酸与环氧丙烯酸酯(EA)复合,经UV光固化制备了3种阻燃涂层([VEIM]Br/EA、[VPIM]Br/EA、[VBIM]Br/EA),并通过红外、紫外、极限氧指数仪、垂直燃烧仪及力学性能测定仪等手段对样品的性能进行表征。结果表明:[VBIM]Br/EA涂层综合性能较佳,当[VBIM]Br添加量为3. 5 g时,涂层的阻燃性能最佳。此时涂层的极限氧指数为32、燃烧级别V-0、残炭率35. 2%(500℃下马弗炉煅烧)和硬度为6H,且涂层具有较高的透光性,可见光区域(500～800 nm)内,其透过率为88%～91%。

1-vinyl-3-alkylimidazolium bromide ionic liquids ([VAIM]Br)including 1- vinyl-3-ethylimidazole bromide [VEIM ]Br),1-vinyl-3-propylimidazole bromide ([VBIM ] Br)and l-vinyl-3-butyl imidazole bromide ([VPIM]Br)were prepared via N-alkylation reaction using 1-vinylimidazole and different bromoalkanes (e.g.,1-bromoethane,1-bro- mopropane and 1-bromobutane)as raw materials.Three kinds of flame retardant coatings (e. g.,[VEIM ]Br/EA,[VPIM ]Br/EA and [VBIM ]Br/EA)were prepared by UV curingmethod after [VAIN]Br ionic liquid,amine acrylate,acrylic acid and epoxy acrylate (EA) being mixed.And the properties of the samples were characterized by infrared spectromete,ul- traviolet visible spectromete,limiting oxygen index instrument,vertical burning tester and mechanical tester.The results showed that the comprehensive properties of [VBIM]Br/EA coat- ing was better.When the addition of [VBIM ]Br was 3.5g,the flame retardancy of the coating was the best.Meanwhile,its limiting oxygen index,combustion grade,carbon residue ratio (calcined in muffle furnace at 500℃ )and hardness were 32,V-0,35.2% and 6H,respec- tively.Arid the coating had higher transmittance.In the range of wavelength 500-800nm,the transmittance of the coating was between 88%and 91%.