上海市2015-2017年孕产妇乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性率及新生儿乙型肝炎免疫接种率分析

Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen among pregnant women and coverage of hepatitis B vaccine among newborns in Shanghai city, 2015-2017

目的了解上海市孕产妇乙型肝炎(乙肝)表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率及新生儿乙肝疫苗(HepB)与乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIG)接种率。方法收集2015-2017年上海市所有71家产科机构孕产妇的HBsAg检测结果和新生儿首剂HepB(HepB1)、HBIG接种情况,进行描述性分析。结果 2015-2017年共登记孕产妇611 151人,HBsAg检测率为99.03%, HBsAg阳性率为4.27%,其中本市、外来孕产妇HBsAg检测率分别为99.49%、98.53%,HBsAg阳性率分别为3.16%、5.50%。HBsAg阳性母亲所生新生儿HepB1+HBIG联合接种率为91.14%(24 280/26 639),其中本市、外来孕产妇所生新生儿分别为92.55%、90.23%。结论上海市孕产妇HBsAg阳性率低,应加强孕产妇及其新生儿(特别是外来人群)的母婴传播阻断措施。

Objective To determine the positivity rate of maternal hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg), and the coverage of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine(HepB) and use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG). Methods We collected maternal HBsAg test results from all 71 obstetric institutions and neonatal HepB1 and HBIG usage data in Shanghai during 2015-2017 for a descriptive analysis. Results A total of 611 151 pregnant women were included in the study, with an HBsAg detection rate of 99.03% and an HBsAg positivity rate of 4.27%. The detection rate was 99.49% among local mothers and 98.53% among non-local mothers, with HBsAg positivity rates of 3.16% and 5.50%, respectively. Coverage of HepB1+HBIG use was 91.14%(24 280/26 639) among infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers, with rates of 92.55% and 90.23% for local and non-local newborns. Conclusions The maternal HBsAg positivity rate was low in Shanghai. Interruption of mother-to-child transmission should be strengthened, especially for the non-local population.