孤独症谱系障碍斑马鱼模型的研究进展

Research progress on zebrafish models of autism spectrum disorder

孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是一组以社交沟通障碍、兴趣或活动范围狭窄以及重复刻板行为为主要特征的神经发育性障碍,ASD生物学机制至今尚未完全明确。动物模型作为一种高效基础研究工具,可用于ASD的病因、神经病理学及有效治疗的探索研究。斑马鱼动物模型因其体外受精,胚胎透光,且幼鱼能够实现病理过程的实时成像,进行大规模的基因筛选和药物筛选的成本较低等特点,也使得斑马鱼成为近年热门的ASD动物模型。本文将就ASD研究中斑马鱼模型的研究进展作一综述。

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a set of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions,characterized by social deficits and the presence of repetitive stereotypic behaviors and restricted interests.The biological mechanisms ofASD have not been completely identified.As a fundamental research tool,animal model is comprehensively applied to studygenetic basis,neuropathological mechanisms as well as pharmaceutical researches.Zebrafish models have been popularized astypical ASD models based on the advantages of the external fertilization,high fecundity,rapid development,optical transpar-ence of embryos and larvae which allow real-time imaging of developing pathologies,drug screening on a large scale economically.This review thus aims to summarize the achievements of zebrafish for modeling ASD.