斜角碰撞时轿车后排青少年乘员的损伤研究

Comparison and analysis of the juvenile occupant injuries to the car oblique collision when sitting in the rear row

为研究轿车左侧30°斜角碰撞刚性壁障时后排左侧和右侧青少年乘员的损伤特点,利用Presys建立有限元轿车、刚性障碍壁和假人整体模型,经Ls-Dyna求解计算后用Presys有限元软件分析了3种车速下的后排左右侧青少年乘员的损伤情况。结果表明,随碰撞车速增加,后排左右侧假人的头部加速度均增大。当碰撞车速为50km/h时,后排右侧假人头部加速度最大;不同碰撞车速下,后排右侧假人颈部受力均大于后排左侧假人颈部受力;不同碰撞车速下,后排左侧假人胸部加速度均大于右侧假人胸部加速度;随碰撞车速增加,后排左侧假人和右侧假人的左腿胫骨和右腿胫骨受力峰值接近。

The paper has made a comparison and analysis of the injury features of the teenager occupants sitting on the left and right sides of the rear row in case the car's left side is inclined in an angle of 30° to the rigid barrier.For the study purpose,we have adopted the Presys Finite Element Software to build up a finite element car in the rigid wall model in this paper,as well as the position with the two Hybrid III 5th male dummies to adjust their sitting postures.Suppose that the Presys would soon be used to create 3 different models of the collision velocities,including the speeds of 30 km/h,40 km/h and 50 km/h respectively and correspondingly.And,Ls-Dyna software can then be used to compare and analyze the injury situaiton of the teenager occupants on the left and right sides of the rear row in the established models.The results of our study show that with the increase of the collision velocities,the acceleration of the left and right sides of the dummy heads of the teenager occupants can all be increased as the collision velocities increase from 40 km/h to 50 km/h.However,the head acceleration of the left side teenager occupants of the rear row do not increase,though the acceleration of the heads of the right side teenager dummy occupants of the rear row may increase significantly.However,when the collision speed has increased by 50 km/h,the right side of the rear row dummy head acceleration rate would be greater than that of the left one.The neck of the right side teenager dummies in the rear row may be subjected to a greater bumping force than that of the left-side one under the different collision velocities.Meanswhile,the chest acceleration of the left side teenager dummy occupant in the rear row can all turn to be greater than that of the right side one at different collision velocities.Furthermore,as the speed of the collision increases,the peak bump force of the left and right tibias teenagers may turn to be approximately close to each other.