老年慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理行为与积极度的相关分析

Correlation between self-management behavior and activation among elderly patients with chronic heart failure

目的探讨老年慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理行为与积极度的相关性,为提高患者的自我管理能力提供依据。方法采用方便抽样法,于2016年5月1日-2017年9月30日选择哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院230例老年慢性心力衰竭患者,采用慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理行为量表和患者积极度量表进行问卷调查,统计慢性心力衰竭患者的自我管理行为和患者积极度得分情况,并采用Pearson相关分析法分析两者的相关性。结果共发放问卷245份,有效回收问卷230份,有效回收率为93.8%。慢性心力衰竭患者总体自我管理行为得分(72.3±12.4)分,总体积极度得分(56.3±10.3)分。心功能分级、病程与患者积极度水平是心力衰竭患者自我管理行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。患者总体自我管理行为及其4个维度与患者积极度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论老年慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理行为总体水平欠佳,积极度水平有待提高。医护工作人员应该根据患者积极度水平来制定个体化干预措施,进而改善患者自我管理能力。

Objective To explore the correlation between self-management behavior and activation among elderly patients with chronic heart failure, so as to provide a basis for improving patients' self-management skills.Methods From 1st May 2016 to 30th September 2017, we selected 230 elderly patients with chronic heart failure at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University by convenience sampling. The Self-Management Scale of Heart Failure Patients and Patient Activation Measure (PAM) were used to investigate the scores of self-management behavior and activation among chronic heart failure patients. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between them.Results A total of 245 questionnaires were sent out with 230 valid questionnaires and 93.8% for the effective recovery rate. The total scores of self-management behavior and activation were (72.3±12.4) and (56.3±10.3) among chronic heart failure patients. The influencing factors of self-management behavior of chronic heart failure patients included cardiac functional grading, course of disease and patient activation (P<0.05) . The total self-management behavior and its four dimensions had positive correlations with patient activation (P<0.05) .Conclusions Elderly patients with chronic heart failure are with a poor level of self-management behavior and patient activation needs to be improved. Medical staff should formulate individual intervention based on patient activation, so as to improve patients' self-management skills.