人乳营养成分及其生理功能

Nutrients and Physiological Functions of Human Milk

人乳是婴儿最天然的理想食品,是婴儿早期的主要营养物质来源,含有丰富的营养物质及生物活性成分,包括蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、矿物质、维生素及分泌型免疫球蛋白、牛磺酸等。人乳中各成分含量适中,比例适宜,有利于婴儿早期生长发育及随后的健康成长,并具有促进婴儿肠道、神经、免疫等系统发育的作用。文章概述了人乳中主要的营养成分及其生理功能,与牛乳做对比,为婴儿的喂养管理提供基础,进而为牛乳基婴幼儿配方奶粉的设计提供理论指导,对生产母乳化的婴幼儿配方奶粉具有重要意义。

Human milk is considered the ideal food and the main source of nutrients for newborns,which is rich in nutrients and bioactive ingredients,such as protein,fat,carbohydrates,minerals,vitamins and secreted immunoglobulin,taurine and so on.The content and proportion of each component is appropriate,which is conducive to the early growth and development of infants and their subsequent healthy growth.It also has the effect of promoting the development of the infant’s intestinal,nervous and immune systems.The main nutrients and their physiological functions of human milk was summarized in the article,compared with bovine milk,which was to provide a basis for infant feeding management,and theoretical guidance for the design of milkbased infant formula.It would have great significance to the production of infant formulas.