糖尿病患者足部异常状况和足底压力特征研究

Research on abnormal conditions of foot and plantar pressure in diabetic patients

对在成都中医药大学附属医院内分泌科住院的274例糖尿病患者进行足部异常状况信息的采集,对足部异常的患者进行脚型数据的测量;并使用比利时FootScan 0.5 m平板式足底压力测试仪对274例患者以及58例正常受试者进行足底压力测试,分析其足底压力分布特征。结果显示:糖尿病患者足部异常状况中,胼胝患者居多,主要集中在大脚趾、二三五跖骨和足跟区域;患者足部发生异常时,脚型变得较宽大和肥硕;且足部异常的产生与患者病程和穿鞋习惯显著相关。患者足底压强峰值分布由大到小依次是:M3>M2>M4>HM>HL>M1>M5>T1>MD>T2-5;除了足跟内侧,患者足底其他区域的压强峰值均大于正常受试者,在第一二三跖骨区域的差异显著;患者前掌跖骨区域的胼胝与该区域压强的增大有关系。对糖尿病患者足部异常状况和足底压力特征进行研究,有助于针对糖尿病患者进行有效地足部护理和鞋垫设计。

274 cases of diabetic patients were enrolled in the department of Endocrinology of affiliated Hospital in Chengdu university of tradition'al Chinese medicine,then collecting the abnormal situation about diabetic patients' feet,measuring the data of diabetic patients'abnormal feet and collecting the data of plantar pressure of 274 patients and 58 normal subjects by FootScan 0.5 m flat foot pressure test system made in Belgium.Results show that callus has the most frequency in foot abnormal situations,mainly distributes in the big toe,second,third,fifth metatarsals and heel,the width and circumference of the foot of diabetic patients are all larger when diabetic patients foot became abnormal.Also,it is found that the abnormal situation is significantly related with the patient's course of disease and the habit of wearing shoes.The peak pressure distribution of the diabetic patients is in the order of M3>M2>M4>HM>HL>MI>M5>TI>MD>T2-5.Beside the medical heel,the peak planter pressure patients in other regions is higher than normal subjects and have significant differences in the first,second and third metatarsal areas.Moreover, the callus of the diabetic patient's forefoot site has a significant correlation with the increase of the forefoot pressure. Study on the character of foot abnormalities and the distribution of plantar pressure in diabetic patients can help diabetic patients to care foot effectively and design insoles accurately.