啼则与果:南宋的忠义人与朝廷的应对政策

The Dealing of the Imperial Government with the Loyal People of Southern Song Dynasty

南宋时期,将金朝境内中原百姓组成的抗金团体,以及靠近宋金边界自组义军抗金的边民,称为"忠义人"。这些抗金团体与边民多居住在宋金边境,常为宋朝政令所不及,其行为也常超出宋朝的法令之外,这些"忠义人"举兵的目的,与其说是为了效忠朝廷,不如说是为了保卫家园,避免战乱的侵扰。南宋朝廷虽嘉其忠义,但实际上对"忠义人"仍怀着戒慎恐惧的猜忌态度。

During the Southern Song period,the Southern Song government named the anti-Jin groups and the people living at the frontier who were also anti-Jin as "loyal people".These anti-Jin groups and people mostly lived at the Song-Jin border,so the Song decrees often failed to reach them,and their actions often went beyond the law.The purpose of these "loyal people"of providing troops was more to guard their homeland and prevent the invasion than to be loyal to the imperial government.The Southern Song imperial government rewarded them as "loyal people"on the one hand,and treated the "loyal people"with discreet suspicion on the other hand.