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不透水面时空变化及其对城市热环境影响的定量分析——以福州市建成区为例 被引量:20

Analysis on Spatiotemporal Variation of Urban Impervious Surface and Its Influence on Urban Thermal Environment: Fuzhou City,China
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摘要 城市空间的快速扩展使得大量的不透水面取代了以植被为主的自然地表景观,对城市生态系统造成了明显的负面影响.福州市经过近30年的城市扩展,城市建成区中的不透水面大幅增加,植被急剧减少,城市生态发生了明显变化,其中最显著的就是严重的城市热岛效应.为此,基于Landsat系列遥感影像获得福州1989和2014年2个时相影像的不透水面、水体、植被和地表温度信息,运用多元回归模型定量分析了1989~2014年间福州城市不透水面的时空变化对城市热环境产生的影响.结果表明:01989~2014年间,研究区不透水面净增了87.16km^2,增加了161%;②不透水面和地表温度呈指数函数关系,高不透水面比例地区升温明显快于低不透水面比例地区;③1989~2014年间增加的87.16km^2不透水面及相应减少的70.09km^2和14.92km^2的植被和水体对研究区地表温度上升的综合贡献达16.54℃. The fast urban spatial expansion has led to the considerable substitution of natural vegetation-dominated land surfaces by impervious surface.Understanding of the role of impervious surface changes to urban thermal environments is of importance for mitigating severe urban heat island effect in cities of the world.Taking Fuzhou city in southeastern China as a case,this study examined the quantitative relationship of impervious surface with land surface temperature (LST).Two Landsat images of 1989 and 2014 were used to extract the information of impervious surface,vegetation and water and to retrieve LST from the images.The result shows that the impervious surface in Fuzhou's urban area has significantly increased by 161% during the study period,which was 54.29km^2 in 1989but remarkably increased to 141.45km^2 in 2014.The regression analysis results showed a strong positive exponential relationship existing between the percent impervious surface and LST.This suggests that the areas with high impervious surface percentage will accelerate the raise of the LST much faster than the areas with low impervious surface percentage.Each decrement of 10% impervious surface cover with additional 10% green or water space could lower LST by up to 4.15 or 5.25℃ ,respectively. According to this regression analysis,the increase of impervious surface area and the decrease of vegetation and water coverage in Fuzhou urban area during the 25-study years have made a substantial LST rise by 16.54℃ in the area from 1989 to 2014.
作者 王美雅 徐涵秋 李霞 林中立 张博博 付伟 唐菲 WANG Meiya;XU Hanqiu;LI Xia;LIN Zhongli;ZHANG Bobo;FU Wei;TANG Fei(College of Environment and Resources)
出处 《应用基础与工程科学学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2018年第6期1316-1326,共11页 Journal of Basic Science and Engineering
基金 国家自然科学基金项目(41501469) 福建省教育厅重点项目(JA13030)
关键词 城市扩展 不透水面 城市热环境 遥感:福州市 Urban expansion Impervious surface Urban thermal environment Remote sensing Fuzhou
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