德国大学崛起对当代大学的启示

The Rise of German Universities and its Implications for Contemporary Universities

德国大学成为世界现代大学发源地的历程是一个国家在危机关头,选择发展大学作为强国之策,并不断创新大学理念,积极探索实践的过程。18世纪末的德国大学面临着复杂的国际国内形势,国家危机与民族觉醒相互激荡、社会改革与教育改革相互配合、先驱倡导与民众支持相互呼应、历史经验与现实探索相互结合,在这些内外部诸多因素的共同作用下,德国大学改革获得极大成功,既奠定了德国大学的世界中心地位,又使得德国大学成为世界现代大学的源头,成为各国纷纷效仿的对象。德国大学的崛起绝非偶然,有许多成功经验值得当代大学借鉴。

To become the cradle of modern universities is a strategy adopted by Germany to lift up its nation at a critical time,which involved constant innovation of university ideas, as well as active exploration and practice. At the end of 18 th century,German universities were faced with complex situation, where the national crisis and people awakening stirred each other, social reform and educational reform compensated, pioneer’s advocacy and public support echoed mutually, historical experience and practical exploration combined. Under the influence of many internal and external factors, the reform of German universities won tremendous success, which established their central position among the world universities. They were regarded as the origin of modern universities and imitated by foreigners. The rise of German universities wasn’t an accident, whose successful experience can be used for reference by contemporary universities.