油田注二氧化碳作业主要风险分析

MAJOR RISK ANALYSIS OF CARBON DIOXIDE INJECTION IN OIL FIELD

目前,不少油田采用向地层中注液态二氧化碳的方法提高稠油采收率,当注入地层中的二氧化碳处于超临界状态时,能更好的溶于稠油中,降低稠油黏度,从而提高稠油产量。但是,液态二氧化碳存在温度低、压力高等特点,地面注液态二氧化碳作业存在低温伤害、窒息以及压力容器、管道爆炸等风险。对油田采用向地层注液态二氧化碳作业的主要风险进行了分析,为油田开展注液态二氧化碳作业进行风险辨识提供依据。

At present,the method of injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the geosphere to improve the recovery ratio of heavy oil is adopted in many oil fields.When carbon dioxide in the injected geosphere is in supercritical state,it can better dissolve in the heavy oil,reduce the viscosity of heavy oil,and thus increase the output of heavy oil.However,liquid carbon dioxide is characterized by low temperature and high pressure.There are risks of low temperature damage,asphyxiation and explosion of pressure vessels and pipelines in the operation of injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the ground.This paper makes major risk analysis on injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the geosphere adopted by the oil field, which provides the basis for risk identification of the operation of injecting liquid carbon dioxide into oil fields.