近20年青藏高原典型高寒草甸化草原植物物候变化特征

Analysis of Phytogeographic Characteristics of Typical Alpine Grassland Steppe in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Recently 20 Years

利用1997-2016年青藏高原东北部中国气象局海北牧业气象观测站典型高寒草甸化草原9种优势植物的物候资料对物候期变化特征进行了研究,并结合物候变化特征分析了青藏高原物候研究中存在的一些问题。结果表明:(1) 9种优势植物中大部分植物的物候变化:在第100～115天之间返青,在第265～285天之间黄枯,开花期出现的时间差异较大,从第120天到第230天不等;(2) 9种优势植物的返青、黄枯和开花等物候期都没有呈现一致的规律性变化,表明植物对气候变化的响应存在明显的种间差异;(3)种间差异将改变群落结构,群落结构的改变又会重塑该生境的种间关系,长期过程中植物和气候变化之间交互影响,动态调整着基本稳定的耦合关系。而大量基于遥感数据的物候研究弱化了对物候变化种间差异的揭示。

The phenological characteristics of nine typical alpine meadow plants were studied by using the phenological data of Haibei animal husbandry meteorological station from 1997 to 2016 in the northeast of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, some problems in the phenology study of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau were analyzed combined with the characteristics of phenological changes. The results showed that:(1) Most of the 9 dominant plants returned to green between the 100th and 115th of the phenological period, and between the 265th and 285th, they turned yellow. The time of flowering varied greatly, from the 120 th to 230 th. (2) There were no consistent regular changes of the 9 species in the phenological periods of dominant plants, such as greening, yellowing and flowering, indicating that the response of plants to climate change has obvious inter-species differences. (3) The inter-species differences would change the community structure, and the changes in community structure would reshaping the inter-species relationship of the habitat, the interaction between plants and climate change in the long-term process dynamically adjusted the basic stable coupling relationship. A large number of phenological studies based on remote sensing data have weakened the disclosure of the differences in phenological changes.