英语不及物动词结果事件的时间关系

Temporal Relations in Resultative Constructions Derived From English Intransitives

时间依存关系是反映结果结构中事件终结性的指标之一。文章提出部分-整体关系是不及物动词结果事件实现终结性的基本特征,时间依存关系是部分-整体关系的一种形式。结果事件中,两个子事件之间存在三种时间关系:部分关系、部分重叠关系、时间毗连关系。光杆XP结果事件中,两个子事件之间是Part-of关系。瞬间性谓语事件中,两个子事件之间是时间毗连关系;假反身代词XP结果事件中,两个子事件之间的致使关系是子事件时间毗连关系的约束条件; NP-XP结果事件中,行为方式谓词投射的两个子事件之间是部分重叠关系。

Temporal Dependency is the index reflecting the eventive telicity in resultative constructions. This paper proposes that part-whole relation is the fundamental feature when resultative constructions derived by intransitive verbs strive for telicity. Temporal dependency is one basic type of temporal representation in the part-whole relation. In resultative events,there are three temporal relations between two subevents: Part-of,Mereological overlap,Adjacency. In bare XP resultatives,two subevents are subjected to the Part-of; in fake reflexive resultatives,two subevents are subjected to the adjacency due to the causative relation between them; in NP-XP resultatives,the two subevents projected by manner predicates are subjected to the mereological overlap.