体力活动对儿童青少年学业能力影响的系统评价

Effects of physical activity on children and adolescents’ academic achievement: a systematic review

目的探究体力活动对儿童青少年群体学业能力的影响,为促进儿童青少年体力活动提供新的视角。方法采用系统评价的方法,在中国知网(CNKI),EBSCO,web of Science,Cochrane Library,PubMed等5个数据库中检索国内外从2007年1月31日到2017年12月31日期间发表的有关体力活动对儿童青少年学业能力影响的相关研究,中文检索词中的体力活动检索词包括“体力活动”“运动”“锻炼”;学业能力检索词包括“学业能力”“学业成就”“学习成绩”“学习表现”“学术成就”“认知功能”。英文检索词中的体力活动检索词包括“physical activity”“physical activities”“exercise”“fitness”;学业能力检索词包括“academic achievement”“academic performance”“academic success”“grades”“cognitive function”。体力活动、学业能力的检索词之间用“or”连接,体力活动与学业能力之间的检索词用“and”连接。提取关键资料,进行质量评价,报告研究方法、结果及结论。结果共纳入文献24篇,文献类型包括系统综述(系统评价、Meta分析)、纵向研究、随机对照实验和相关性研究,证据水平在1a^2c之间。从纵向研究以及相关性实验的研究结论可以看出,体力活动在一定程度上可以提高儿童青少年的学业能力。结论儿童青少年个体当前的体力活动水平可以促进学业能力的提高,体力活动可作为一个有效的战略目标,从而提高学业能力。尽管现阶段体力活动对学业能力影响的证据不够强,但积极开展更多的高质量研究对探究其关系尤为重要。

Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of physical activity( PA) on academic achievement in children and adolescents,in order to provide a new perspective for the promotion of physical activity of children and adolescents. Methods A systematic search of electronic databases( CNKI,EBSCO,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,PubMed)was performed in January and updated in December 2017 to investigate the association between physical activity and academic achievement. Also,the foremost data was collected to assess quality,report study methods,results and conclusions. Results Twenty four studies were included,the studies could be classified into longitudinal( cohort) studies,randomized controlled trials( RCT)and ecological studies,the evidence level of all studies was between 1 a and 2 c. From this systematic review,it pointed out that PA could improve children and adolescents’ academic achievement to some extent. Conclusion The current level of PA of children and adolescents can improve academic achievement,and physical activity can be used as an effective strategic goal to improve academic performance,researchers should launch more high quality RCTs to verify the specific impacts of developing PA on academic achievement.