19世纪英国限定地产改革

The Reformation of Strict Settlement of Land in England in the 19th Century

限定地产,是为了保证家族永远享受土地收益,同时又保证土地不被拆分,永远处在家族手中而设计出来的地产处置方案。17世纪中后期开始,大地产集中的趋势在英国日渐明显,限定地产为这种地产集中提供了长久的保障。但是,在农业改革进一步发展,工商业资本家崛起等因素的影响下,限定地产日益显示出自身的缺陷。十九世纪中期,在地产主,资本家和社会舆论的推动下,英国议会开始了限定地产的改革。

Strict settlement of Land is used to ensure that the family would always enjoy the benefit of family lands, and also to ensure that the lands would be not split, and be kept in the hands of the family. Since the Mid-Seventeenth Century, the trend of large-scale real estates concentration has become more and more obvious in England, and strict settlement has provided long-term guarantee for concentration of real estates. However, under the influence of factors such as agricultural improvement and the rise of industrial and commercial capitalists, strict settlement of lands increasingly showed its own defects. From the middle of the 19th Century, driven by demands from landlords, capitalists and the social concerns, the English Parliament commence on the reform of strict settlement of land.