土壤-地下水系统重金属污染物运移模拟研究动态

Research trendsof heavy metal pollutants transport simulation in soil-groundwater system

重金属污染是中国广泛关注的重大生态环境问题。重金属污染物在土壤-地下水系统中实际运移过程研究是对其进行防控与治理的关键。相关数学模型的不断完善、数值模拟软件的逐步成熟,使得数值模拟已成为现阶段研究重金属污染物在土壤-地下水系统中运移过程的常用手段。文中集中阐述了以确定性模型和随机模型为代表的溶质运移数学模型的发展历程,简要概括了重金属污染物运移模拟在不同尺度、不同条件下的实际应用,并对研究应用过程中存在的问题和未来可能的研究方向进行了梳理。基于提升重金属运移模拟的可靠性与实用性的考虑,应重点加强确定性模型所使用参数变量的不确定性分析,随机模型等在多组分反应性运移模拟的应用、修复过程中多场耦合作用下运移转化过程的模拟以及运移模型与GIS的耦合等四个方面的研究。

Heavy metal pollution is a major ecological and environmental problem in China.The key to the prevention and remediation of the problem is to understand the migration process of the heavy metal contaminants in soil-groundwater system.Owing to the improvement of relevant mathematical model and numerical simulation software,numerical simulation has become a common method to study the migration process of the heavy metal contaminants in soil-groundwater system.This paper focuses on the development history of solute transport mathematical model represented by deterministic model and stochastic model,and briefly summarizes the practical application of heavy metal pollutant transport simulation under different scales and conditions,and exists in the research application process.The problems and possible future research directions have been sorted out.Based on the consideration of promoting the reliability and practicability,future study should focus on:1)the uncertainty analysis of parameters used in the mathematical model;2)the application of solute transport model in multi-component reactive solute transport conditions,such as stochastic model:3)the migration process simulation under the coupling influence of multiple natural fields and 4)the combination of GIS and solute transport model.