叉车门架动静态联合仿真及多目标优化

Dynamic and co-simulation of forklift frame and multi-objective optimization

为了提高工程机械的力学性能和可靠性,减少传统物理设计的缺陷,实现机械结构的多方面优化,以某内燃叉车的门架结构为例,联合动力学分析方法及有限元技术,进行基于虚拟样机技术的叉车运动仿真分析,确保叉车门架运行的安全性与可靠性。针对货叉根部的应力集中现象,结合灵敏度分析,建立优化参数响应关系,实现货叉结构的多目标优化。结果表明:优化后货叉最大应力降低了13.8%,最大变形降低了20.9%,机械强度得到显著提升。

In order to improve the mechanical properties and reliability of engineering machinery,eliminate the defects of traditional physical design,and realize the optimization of various components of mechanical structure,taking the gantry structure of an internal combustion forklift as an example,in conjunction with the dynamic analysis and finite element,the simulation analysis is conducted on the forklift motion with the aid of the virtual prototype technology,thus ensuring the safety and reliability of the forklift’s gantry.In view of stress concentration at the root of the fork,based on the sensitivity analysis,the optimal relationship of parameter response is established to realize the multi-objective optimization of the fork structure.The results show that for the optimized fork,its maximum stress reduces by 13.8%,its maximum deformation reduces by 20.9%,and its mechanical strength significantly improves.