个人信息权益保护视野下的公共安全数据采集问题研究

Research on Public Security Data Collection from the Perspective of Personal Information Protection

公共安全数据的"全量实时采集""高效安全应用",是推动警务模式由"应急处置"向"风险治理"转变的前提条件,也是应对高度集中的安全风险隐患,切实防范公共安全事件发生的可靠路径。然而,公共安全数据的采集如何平衡公共利益和个人数据权益尚未形成社会共识,造成公共安全数据采集边界的模糊,一定程度上对维护公共安全、打击违法犯罪带来不利影响。在公共安全数据采集阶段强化公共安全利益保护,并不会打破公共安全利益与个人信息权益保护的平衡。规范公共安全数据采集工作,应当着力完善公共安全数据采集的制度保障,推动形成公共安全数据全面、实时采集的新模式,依托公共安全数据建设城市大数据运算决策中心,不断强化公共安全数据的安全保障,探索建立数据采集、应用的良性闭环。

The government departments including the public security organs and related enterprises have already collected or gained a rich supply of data.The "full-volume real-time collection"and "efficient and safe application"of public security data,as the prerequisites,transform the police mode from "emergency disposal"to "risk management".At the same time,they act as a reliable path to deal with highly concentrated security risks and hidden dangers and prevent public security incidents effectively. However,there is still no consensus on how to balance public interests and personal rights and interests of public security data collection,which to some extent has a negative impact on maintaining public security and cracking down on crimes.Based on the concept of personal data and personal fight of information and right of privacy,this article presents,strengthening public security interests in the phrase of public security data collection will not ruin the balance of public security interests and personal rights protection.Then this article puts forward the acquisition path and boundary of the public safety data and analyzes the bottleneck problems in the public safety data acquisition process.In order to standardize the process of public safety data acquisition,we should focus on improving the public safety data acquisition system,promoting a new mode of comprehensive and real-time collection of public safety data,building a big data computing decision center based on public safety data,strengthening the security of public safety data,establishing the positive closed loop of data acquisition and data application.