重庆市某区2017年农村土源性线虫病监测结果分析

Analysis on the monitoring results of soilborne nematodes in rural area of Chongqing in 2017

目的了解重庆市荣昌区农村土源性线虫病流行现状,为制订防治措施提供依据。方法采用改良加藤厚涂片法检测土源性线虫虫卵,3～9周岁儿童加做透明胶纸肛拭法定性检测蛲虫,试管滤纸培养法鉴定钩虫种类,采集家庭土壤样本检查钩蚴、人蛔虫卵。结果共监测1 051人,总感染率为17.3%,女性高于男性(χ~2=5.878,P<0.05);总感染率以吴家镇十烈村31.7%为最高,不同地区比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=35.983,P<0.01);以学龄前儿童最高,其次为文盲半文盲,不同文化程度比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=48.153,P<0.01);职业分布以学龄前儿童最高,其次为农民(Fisher精确概率法,P<0.01);年龄分布以3～6岁组和40～岁组较高(Fisher精确概率法,P<0.01);钩虫种类鉴定以美洲钩虫检出率较高(χ~2=77.958,P<0.05),土壤样本检出人蛔虫卵和钩蚴。结论荣昌区农村是严重的饶虫和钩虫流行地区,学龄前儿童和40～岁年龄组、文化较低的农民是今后重点防治人群。

Objective To understand the epidemic situation of soil-transmitted nematode diseases in rural areas of Rongchang district,Chongqing,and provide evidence for prevention and control of the disease.Methods The intestinal helminth eggs were detected with the Kato Katz technique.Enterubius vermicularis eggs were detected by the cellophane tape method for children aged 3-9 years.The test tube filter culture method was used to identify hookworm species and Human Ascaris eggs.Results The total infection rate was 17.3%.The infection rate of male was higher than that of female (χ^2=5.878,P<0.05).When compared different regions,the infection rate in Shiliehu of Wujia town was the highest (χ^2= 35.983,P<0.01).The infection rate of pre-school age and illiteracy were in the high levels (χ^2=48.153,P<0.01); occupation distribution was highest in preschool children and higher in farmers (Fisher's exact test,P<0.01);age distribution was higher in the 3 to 6 years old group and 40 years old group (Fisher's exact test,P<0.01).The detection rate of American hookworms when compared with other hookworm species (χ^2=77.958,P<0.05).The soil samples were tested for Ascaris eggs and hookworms.Conclusion The rural area of Rongchang district is a serious area of infection of both pinworms and hookworms.Preschool children and farmers and age >40 group and people with low education level are the key prevention and treatment groups in the future.