2014-2018年宣城地区女性HPV感染情况调查研究

A study of the prevalence of HPV infection in region A from 2014-2018

目的调查2014-2018年宣城地区女性HPV感染情况,为临床感染防控提供指导。方法收集2014-2018年42 800例医院患者临床资料,采用DNA提取试剂盒提取标本DNA,使用HPV核酸扩增分型检测试剂盒检测分型情况,统计和分析HPV感染情况。结果调查42 800例,感染6 627例,感染率15.48%。单型感染1 806例,占27.25%,多型感染4 821例,占72.75%。2014-2018年女性HPV感染率分别为23.02%(714/3 102)、22.16%(768/3 465)、18.59%(1 106/5 951)、14.59%(1 470/10 076)和12.71%(2 569/20 206)。农民、公务员、教师、服务业、无固定职业者分别为12 265、9 113、6 396、7 953和7 073例,HPV感染率分别为25.91%(3 178/1 2265)、8.35%(761/9 113)、6.13%(392/6 396)、17.78%(1 414/7 953)和12.47%(882/7 073)。农民感染率高于其他职业者(χ2=1 428.428 6,P<0.05);18～、20～、30～、40～和50～岁调分别为3 666、10 321、15 785、8 870和4 158例,HPV感染率分别为8.07%(296/3 666)、15.82%(1 633/10 321)、22.00%(3 472/15 785)、10.82%(960/8 870)和6.40%(266/4 158)。30～岁组HPV感染率高于其他年龄组(χ2=810.377 9,P<0.05);调查12 292例未婚女性和30 508例已婚女性,HPV感染率分别为13.59%(1 671/12 292)和16.24%(4 956/30 508),感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=47.043 9,P<0.05);经常清洁外阴的女性15 086例,很少清洁外阴的女性27 714例,HPV感染率分别为11.73%(1 769/15 086)和17.53%(4 858/27714),差异有统计学意义(χ2=251.369 3,P<0.05)。结论女性HPV感染率逐年下降,但多重感染比例上升,HPV感染与女性卫生健康意识、婚姻状况及性活跃程度关系密切。

Objective The prevalence of HPV infection in female patients in the Xuangcheng region from 2014-2018 was investigated in order to guide the clinical prevention and control of that infection. Methods Clinical data on 42,800 inpatients from 2014-2018 were collected,and sample DNA was extracted using a DNA extraction test.Typing was performed using a kit for amplification of HPV nucleic acids.The prevalence of HPV infection was analyzed with statistics. Results Of the 42,800 patients studied,6,627 had an infection,for a rate of infection of 15.48%.Of the patients with an infection,1,806(27.25%)had a single infection and 4,821(72.75%)had multiple infections.The rate of HPV infection in women was 23.02%(714/3,102)in 2014,22.16%(768/3,465)in 2015,18.59%(1,106/5,951)in 2016,14.59%(1470/10,076)in 2017,and 12.71%(2,569/20,206)in 2018.Of the patients studied,12,265 were farmers,9,113 were civil servants,6,396 were teachers,7,953 worked in the service industry,and 7,073 had no fixed occupation.The rate of HPV infection was 25.91%(3,178/12,265)in farmers,8.35%(761/9,113)in civil servants,6.13%(392/6,396)in teachers,17.78%(1,414/7,953)in the service industry,and 12.47%(882/7,073)in individuals with no fixed occupation.The rate of infection was significantly higher in patients who were farmers than in patients with other jobs(χ2=1428.4286,P<0.05).Of the patients studied,3,666 were 18-19 years of age,10,321 were in their 20 s,15,785 were in their 30 s,8,870 were in their 40 s,and 4,158 were over the age of 50.The rate of HPV infection was 8.07%(296/3,666)in patients 18-19 years of age,15.82%(1,633/10,321)in patients in their 20 s,22.00%(3,472/15,785)in patients in their 30 s,10.82%(960/8,870)in patients in their 40 s,and 6.40%(266/4,158)in patients over the age of 50.The rate of HPV infection was higher in patients in their 30s than in patients of other ages(χ2=810.3779,P<0.05).Of the patients studied,12,292 were unmarried women and 30,508 were married women.The rate of HPV infection was 13.59%(1,671/12,292)in unmarried women and 16.24%(4,956/30,508)in married women The rate of infection differed significantly between the 2groups(χ2=47.0439,P<0.05).Of the women studied,15,086 regularly cleaned their vulva while 27,714 seldom cleaned their vulva.The rate of HPV infection was 11.73%(1,769/15,086)in women who regularly cleaned their vulva and 17.53%(4,858/27,714)in women who seldom cleaned their vulva.The rate of HPV infection differed significantly between the 2groups(χ2=251.3693,P<0.05). Conclusion The rate of female infection with HPV decreased each year,but the rate of multiple infections increased.HPV infection was closely related to female health awareness and hygiene,marital status,and level of sexual activity.