中国燃煤发电成本和上网电价政策研究

Research on China's coal-fired power generation cost and on-grid tariff policy

以发电侧作为研究方向,利用平准化发电成本(LCOE)模型测算2014—2017年我国具有代表性的600 MW燃煤发电机组的度电成本,并分析各项成本以及构成。参照中国电煤价格指数的变化情况,比较各年燃煤标杆上网电价与燃煤发电成本,从价格管制和电力供求情况两方面来分析影响燃煤机组发电成本的主要因素。最后对当前实行的标杆上网电价机制进行评价,为我国上网电价机制改革和完善煤电价格联动机制提供相关政策建议,为电力市场化改革提供参考。

Taking the power generation side as the research direction,the Levelised Cost of Electricity(LCOE) model was used to calculate the electricity cost of the representative 600 MW coal-fired generating units in China from 2014 to 2017,and the various costs and components were analyzed. Referring to the changes in China’s thermal coal price index,comparing the on-grid electricity price and coal-fired power generation cost of coal-fired benchmarks in each year,from two aspects of price control and power supply and demand,the main factors affecting the power generation cost of coal-fired units were analyzed. Finally,the current benchmarking on-grid price mechanism was evaluated,which provided relevant policy recommendations for China’s on-grid price mechanism reform and improvement of coal-fired price linkage mechanism,and provided reference for power market reform.