“8.8”九寨沟地震灾后漳扎镇卫生状况与需求快速评估

Rapid assessment of the health status and needs in Zhangzha town after Jiuzhaigou earthquake on August 8th

目的对四川"8.8"九寨沟地震灾后漳扎镇主要公共卫生状况与灾区居民需求进行快速评估,为灾区制定灾后卫生防疫决策提供依据。方法对漳扎镇下辖19个行政村和灾后24个居民临时安置点进行现场调查,对生活饮用水、食品卫生、环境卫生以及医疗卫生服务等方面进行调查评估。结果截止至2017年8月12日,4.2%(1/24)的安置点居住方式为板房,95.8%(23/24)安置点为帐篷;主要饮用水为瓶装水占79.2%(19/24),开水占20.8%(5/24),无人饮用生水;66.7%(16/24)的灾民采取集中用餐,33.3%(8/24)的灾民采取分散用餐;20.8%(5/24)的安置居民使用震前自家厕所,66.7%(16/24)的安置居民使用临时厕所,12.5%(3/24)的安置居民采取野外如厕;安置点卫生服务实现全覆盖。结论漳扎镇灾后整体公共卫生状况良好,少数安置地点仍然存在公共卫生风险隐患。下一阶段卫生防疫工作重点应该进一步加强饮用水卫生、重视安置点环境卫生,加强健康教育。

Objective To understand the main health status and needs of disaster area residents in the Zhangzha town of Sichuan province after Jiuzhaigou earthquake,provide reference to the development of public health emergency response measures after the earthquake.Methods Nineteen villages and 24 concentrated shelters were investigated.The content of the survey included drinking water,food hygiene,environment sanitation and medical health service and so on.Results As of Aug.12th,4.2%(1/24)resettled residents in Zhangzha town lived in the movable-plate house,95.8%(23/24)resettled residents lived in tents;79.2%(19/24)resettled residents drunk the bottled water,20.8%(5/24)resettled residents drunk the boiled water;66.7%(16/24)resettled residents used the way of centralized dining,33.3%(8/24)resettled residents used the way of scattered dining;20.8%(5/24)resettled residents used the original toilet,66.7%(16/24)resettled residents used the temporary toilet,and 12.5%(3/24)shelters had no toilet;100% resettled residents had medical services. Conclusion The overall public health status of Zhangzha town after earthquake was well,but public health risk still existed in few shelters.The next stage,authorities should further strengthen increasing and sustaining access to safe water,improve the sanitation facilities and continuously educate the public on the need to observe good hygiene practices.