贵阳市2015～2017年土壤蛔虫卵污染监测结果分析

Survey on soil contamination of ascaris eggs in Guiyang from 2015 to 2017

目的了解2015-2017年贵阳市土壤中蛔虫卵污染情况,评估当地居民感染蛔虫卵的风险。方法采用分层随机抽样方法选取贵阳市3个区县,2015～2017年共采集农田土壤180份,检测蛔虫卵及蛔虫活卵数,采用χ~2检验比较不同年份、地区土壤蛔虫卵检出率的差异。结果 2015-2017年共监测土壤180份,蛔虫卵检出率分别为36.7%、30.0%、28.3%;活卵检出率分别为33.3%、30.0%、25.0%。三年之间的土壤人蛔虫卵检出率有降低趋势,差异无统计学意义(X^2=1.016,P=0.602)。以乌当区蛔虫卵检出率最高,为35.0%;3个区县蛔虫卵检出率差异无统计学意义(X^2=0.049,P=0.976),不同地区活虫卵检出率差异无统计学意义(X^2=1.658,P=0.436)。结论贵阳市土壤蛔虫卵和活卵检出率较高,农村环境整治和粪便无害化处理工作需进一步加强。

Objective To evaluate the environmental health status of rural soil about the contamination of ascaris eggs from 2015 to 2017,and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in Guiyang city.Methods Three surveillance sites in Guiyang city were selected by stratified random sampling method.A total of 180 samples of farmland soil were collected from 2015 to 2017to monitor the number of ascaris eggs and ascaris live eggs.Differences of contamination of rural soil samples in the three surveillance sites were compared by Chi-square test.Results The detection rate of ascaris eggs was 36.7%,30.0%,28.3%in the three sites respectively.The detection rate of ascaris live eggs was 33.3%,30.0% and 25.0% in the three sites respectively.The detection rates showed downtrend in the three years.But no significant differences were observed.Conclusion The dectection rates of soil ascaris eggs and ascaris live eggs were higher in Guiyang city.Environmental renovation and fecal harmlessness in rural areas of Guiyang city should be intensified.