小麦粉质量性状对兰州拉面色泽的影响

Effects of Wheat Flour's Quality Traits on the Color of Lanzhou Hand-extended Noodles

为了研究小麦粉质量性状对兰州拉面色泽的影响,探索仪器测定代替感官评价和预测拉面色泽的可能性。本文以70个小麦品种磨制的小麦粉为试验材料,聘请专业拉面师傅制作拉面;利用CR-400型色差计测定面团出条前的色泽,感官评价小组评价拉面色泽;统计分析小麦粉质量性状与兰州拉面色泽的关系,同时,分析色差计测定结果与感官评价结果的关系。结果表明,面粉灰分含量、色泽(L*值、a*值)、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、糊化温度是影响拉面色泽的关键面粉质量性状。其中,拉面色泽得分与面粉L*值呈极显著正相关,与糊化温度、灰分含量、面粉a*值、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量呈显著或极显著负相关。在本试验材料性状范围,拉面色泽感官评价得分与色差计测定色泽L*值、b*值呈极显著正相关,与a*值呈极显著负相关;回归分析结果表明,色差计可以解释感官评价63.0%的变异,说明色差计可以较好地反映感官评价结果,可作为拉面色泽评价的技术手段。优质拉面应具有较高的L*值,较低的a*值,即色泽要求为乳黄或亮黄色。

This research aimed to study the effect of wheat flour's quality traits on color of the Lanzhou hand-extended noodles (LZHEN),and explore the possibility of using instrument instead of sensory evaluation and noodles'color prediction.This study took 70 milled winter wheat cultivars as materials,which processed by a professional master to make hand-extended noodles.Chroma meter CR-400 was used to measure the dough color before stretching,and panelists evaluated color of cooked noodles.Then the relationship between wheat flour quality traits and color of LZHEN were analyzed,and compared both of the color results.The results showed that flour ash content,color (L^* value,a^* value),protein content,wet gluten content and pasting temperature were the key quality traits influenced noodles'color. Meanwhile,the noodles'color scores had extremely significant positive correlation with Flour L^* value,and significant or extremely significant negative correlation with pasting temperature,ash content,flour a^* value,protein content and wet gluten content.As far as the material characteristics concerned here,noodles color sensory evaluation scores were significantly positive correlated with L^* value,b* value measured by CR400,and extremely significant negative correlated with a^* value.Results of regression analysis showed that the CR400 could explain the 63% variation of sensory evaluation results which means Chroma meter can reflect the sensory evaluation results effectively,and could be used as a technical method.The color of high quality LZHEN should have higher L^* value and lower a^* value,which means cream yellow or bright yellow.