育成期不同粗精比日粮对扬州鹅生长发育、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

Effect of different forage to concentration ratio on the growth performance,carcass traits,and meat quality of Yangzhou geese during rearing periods

为探明集约化饲养条件下育成鹅对粗饲料(青绿饲料)的需要量,以28日龄健康扬州鹅为研究对象,随机分为4组,分别为对照组(全程精料)及试验Ⅰ组(29～56日龄,黑麦草与精料比为1.5∶1;57～70日龄,黑麦草与精料比为0.5∶1)、Ⅱ组(29～56日龄,黑麦草与精料比为2∶1;57～70日龄,黑麦草与精料比为0.5∶1)、Ⅲ组(29～56日龄,黑麦草与精料比为3∶1;57～70日龄,黑麦草与精料比为0.5∶1),每组60只,70日龄时测定、比较各组鹅体重、屠宰性能和肉品质。结果表明:育成期添加一定比例的黑麦草,可取得理想的肥育效果,随着黑麦草添加比例的增加,可有效提高扬州鹅屠宰率,降低腹脂沉积,肥育中期黑麦草与精料比为3∶1时,扬州鹅半净膛率为75.28%,显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组,腹脂为1.30%,显著低于对照组;且添加一定比例的黑麦草,可增加肌内蛋白质和肌内脂肪的沉积,以试验Ⅲ组效果最为明显,其蛋白质含量达24.33%。此外试验Ⅲ组腹脂沉积显著减少。这一研究为集约化种草养鹅提供了理论依据。

In order to investigate the optimum requirement of the fodder in Yangzhou geese during rearing period,a total of 240 healthy Yangzhou geese at 28 days old were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group(whole course concentrate feeding),group I(29-56 days old,ryegrass∶concentrate=1.5∶1;57-70 days old,ryegrass∶concentrate=0.5∶1),group II(29-56 days old,ryegrass∶concentrate=2∶1;57-70 days old,ryegrass∶concentrate=2∶1),Group III(29-56 days old,ryegrass∶concentrate=3∶1;57-70 days old,ryegrass∶concentrate=0.5∶1).We had60 geese in each group and the weight,slaughter performance and meat quality of the goose were measured at 70 days of age.The results showed that adding a certain proportion of ryegrass at the rearing stage could achieve ideal fattening effect.With the increase of the proportion of ryegrass,the slaughter rate of Yangzhou geese could be effectively increased and the abdominal fat deposition could be reduced.When the ratio of ryegrass to concentrate was up to 3∶1,the semiclean rate of Yangzhou geese was 75.28%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group and the experimental group I(P<0.05),and the abdominal fat was 1.30%,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).In addition,we found that adding a certain proportion of ryegrass could increase the deposition of intramuscular protein and fat,the effect of group III was the most obvious,the protein content was 24.33% and the abdominal fat deposition of group III was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The results provided a theoretical basis for intensive planting of goose.