基于利基战略的二级医院转型老年康复医院路径研究

Research on path of transformation from the urban secondary hospital to the elderly rehabilitation hospital based on Niche strategy

随着城市三级医疗卫生服务体系的解构、新型两级双向服务体系的建立,城市二级医院面临发展资源匮乏、综合实力较弱、发展定位困难等问题,新医改政策鼓励部分二级公立医疗机构转型发展。面临多种转型道路,医院管理者需要结合组织外部环境和自身资源禀赋制定医院长期的发展战略。利基战略作为20世纪90年代逐渐兴起的发展战略,在制造业领域内已有成熟和广泛的应用。本文采用文献和案例的研究方法探讨城市二级医院采用利基战略实现转型发展的的适用性、可行性和实现路径,分析北京羊坊店医院选择居家养老医疗服务为利基业务,转型为以老年康复为特色专科医院的成功案例。

With the deconstruction of the three-level urban health service system and the establishment of twoway interaction urban health service system,the urban secondary hospitals have the problems of less resource for development,weaker strength for competition,more difficult for orientation.The new medical reform policy encourages transformation of secondary hospitals.Facing a variety of transformation paths,hospital managers need to formulate long-term strategies for hospitals based on the environment and the hospital characteristics.As a development strategy emerging in the 1990s,Niche strategy has been widely used in the manufacturing.This paper discusses the applicability,feasibility and path of transformation of urban secondary hospitals based on niche strategy. Peking Yangfangdian Hospital used niche strategy,chose home-based health services as Niche market,and transformed into an elderly rehabilitation hospital.This case has great significance for transformation of the other urban secondary hospitals.