基于CAS理论的社会生态系统适应性治理进路分析

Approaches to Adaptive Governance of Social-Ecological System Based on CAS Theory

社会生态系统(social-ecological system,SES)是一种复杂适应系统(CAS)。SES的显著特征是作为适应性主体的子系统间的非线性作用所产生的适应性和突现性。SES适应性治理理论的核心概念是恢复力、适应性循环和扰沌,它强调SES的适应性和不确定性以及基于多元主体的利益冲突引发的突现性,是一种强调不断学习以适应变化、增强治理的弹性的可持续发展治理进路。根据CAS理论的新发展,适应性治理理论可以从关注适应性主体间的非线性关系,吸收多层级突现的下向因果关系的观点,增加涨落与混沌边缘的理论视角等方面得到完善和发展。

The social-ecological system (SES)is a complex adaptive system (CAS).The salient feature of SES is the adaptability and emergence of non-linear interactions between subsystems as adaptive agent.The core concepts of the adaptive governance of SES are resilience,adaptive cycle and panarchy.The adaptive governance emphasizes the adaptability and uncertainty of SES and the emergencies arising from the conflict of interests of multiple entities.It is a sustainable development governance that emphasizes continuous learning to adapt to changes and enhance the flexibility of governance.According to the new development of CAS theory,the theory of adaptive governance can be improved and developed from the view of paying attention to the nonlinear relationship among adaptive agents,absorbing the viewpoint of multi-level emergent downward causality,and increasing the theoretical perspective of fluctuation and chaos edge.