城市化振兴乡村的逻辑缺陷——兼与唐亚林教授等商榷

Logic Defect about Urbanization Vitalizing Rural Area——Based on Discussion with Professor Tang Yalin

在乡村振兴问题上,已经形成了一个城市化的乐观派,其理由主要是城市中产阶层的消费需求,为乡村振兴提供了动力。乡村建设的主流方案是发展乡村旅游,将田园风光打造成为城里人的消费品。所谓城市化能促进乡村振兴,实际上是消费主义振兴乡村,消费主义替代了原来的国家主义,成为乡村建设的主流思路。在这种城乡关系中,乡村会失去主体性、地方性知识和发展能力。在城乡关系并没有发生实质性变化的背景下,城市化振兴乡村可能只是一种幻觉,城市化也许能为城市中产阶层建设美丽乡村,却无法改变城乡之间的不平等关系。城市化能否促进乡村振兴,关键是能否实现城乡平等和城乡融合。为了实现城乡关系的平衡,必须要限制消费和资本的作用,确保农民对乡村建设的领导权和参与权,进一步打开乡村振兴的思路。唯此,才可能实现以农民为主体的乡村振兴,破解现代化进程中的乡村衰败铁律。

On the issue of rural revitalization,the .optimists of urbanization appeared,in that the consumer demand of urban middle class provides impetus for rural revitalization.Most rural construction projects are proposedto develop rural tourism,to construct landscape scenery and to make it become consumer goods for city dwellers.It is commonly called that urbanization can promote rural revitalization.But the fact is that consumerism vitalize the rural area.Consumerism replaces original nationalism and becomes the mainstream thinking on rural construction. The rural area becomes the leisure and consuming space for city dwellers.In the relationship between urban and rural area,the rural area will be lack of subjectivity,local knowledge and developing capacity.The right of rural culture will be deprived,and then the rural area will become a place that provides ecology and landscape service. In the absence of substantial change about urban-rural relationship,it is an illusion that urbanization vitalizes the rural area.Perhaps urbanization could be conducive to construct beautiful village for urban middle class,but unequal relationship between urban and rural area is hard to change.Urbanization does not necessarily lead to rural prosperity.The key of promoting rural revitalization through urbanization lies on wether achieving rural equality and urban-rural integration.In order to achieve balance of urban-rural relationship,the affect of consumption and capital must be imposed on restrictions.It should be comfirmed that peasants have rights to lead and participate in rural construction.Only in this way can we realize fammer-focused revitalization.