改革开放40年来我国高等教育分权改革:历程、经验与趋势

The Decentralization Reform of China's Higher Education in the Past 40 Years of Reform and Opening up:History,Experience and Trends

改革开放40年来,我国高等教育分权改革从政府内分权扩展到政府向高校、社会与市场分权,权力内容从责任性权力扩大到参与性、管理性权力,分权方式包含行政式授权与行政式放权多种形式,放权所占的比例越来越大。我国高等教育分权改革关注权力分配的动态平衡、注重合法性和效率性有机结合、依靠局部经验和顶层决策双重路径形成分权方案,并强调分权过程中政府的管理和服务职能。我国高等教育的分权改革正在向公开化分权决策、法治化放权和强化分权落实的问责制转变。

In the 40 years of reform and opening up,the decentralization reform of higher education has expanded from the internal decentralization of government to the decentralization of government to universities,society and markets in China.The content of power has expanded from responsibility power to participation power and management power.The manner of decentralization includes a variety of forms of administrative authorization and decentralization.The proportion of government power decentralization is growing.The decentralization reform of higher education in China pays more attention to the dynamic balance of power distribution,focusing on the organic combination of legitimacy and efficiency,relying on local experience and top-level decision-making to form a decentralization plan,and emphasizes the government s management and service functions in the process of decentralization.The decentralization reform of higher education in China is transferring to the accountability system of publicizing decentralization decision-making,legalizing decentralization and strengthening the implementation of decentralization.