人工智能新发展对法律知识生成方式与制度体系的影响

The Influence of the New Development of Artificial Intelligence on the Generation of Legal Knowledge and Institutional System

人工智能实际是信息与知识生产力极大提高的产物,是信息与知识组织方式发生的巨大变革。人工智能新发展可能带来巨大的社会变化,包括大量重复性的脑力劳动被人工智能所取代,零售业、制造业、金融业等领域将被重新定义,人工智能发展的不确定性亦隐藏着巨大社会风险。作为人类解决社会问题的法律知识系统,可能出现本体论、认知论、发展论、方法论等方面的转变,可能出现向认知科学、脑科学、神经科学、生物学、信息学、计算机科学等自然科学乃至未来学等学科交叉与整合的转向,可能出现基于大数据库、大信息库、大知识库分析而进行充分信息条件下研判的方式转型。人工智能对现代法律制度体系的影响不容小觑,这种影响可能至少包括法律主体制度、客体制度、权利体系等,网信立法一方面要促进现在人工智能的健康有序发展,同时也要对人工智能发展的不确定性予以充分考量,特别是要防止人工智能滥用给人类带来的风险。

Artificial intelligence is actually a product of greatly improved information and knowledge productivity,and a tremendous change in the way information and knowledge are organized.The new development of artificial intelligence may bring about huge social changes,including a large number of repetitive mental labor replaced by artificial intelligence, retail,manufacturing,financial industry and other fields will be redefined,and the uncertainty of artificial intelligence development is also hidden.As a legal knowledge system for solving social problems,there may be changes in ontology, cognition,development theory,methodology,etc.,which may appear in cognitive science,brain science,neuroscience, biology,informatics,computer science,etc.The shift of the intersection and integration of natural sciences and even future studies may lead to the transformation of methods based on large databases,large information bases,and large knowledge bases under the conditions of sufficient information.The influence of artificial intelligence on the modern legal system should not be underestimated.This influence may include at least the legal subject system,the objeet system,the rights system, etc.On the one hand,the network legislation should promote the healthy and orderly development of artificial intelligence, and at the same time,the uncertainty of the development of artificial intelligence should be fully considered,especially to prevent the risks brought by human intelligence abuse.