20世纪二三十年代的俄罗斯侨民民间文艺学研究

A Review of the Studies on Russian Emigrant Folk Literature in the 1920s and 1930s

俄罗斯侨民民间文艺学是俄罗斯民间文学研究中不可或缺的组成部分。20世纪二三十年代,俄罗斯侨民民间文艺学家主要在斯拉夫国家、波罗的海三国和西欧国家从事民间文学研究。斯拉夫国家的俄罗斯民间文艺学家有博加特廖夫、格里戈里耶夫、阿尼奇科夫等,在波罗的海地区从事俄罗斯民间文学研究的有弗里德里希、科济列夫和安德森等,西欧的俄罗斯民间文艺学家有费多托夫、伊林和特鲁别茨科伊等。这些俄罗斯侨民民间文艺学家或关注苏联境外的俄罗斯民间文学收集工作,或致力于民间文学作品的形式研究,或着眼民间文学的文化研究,为此后的俄罗斯民间文学研究留下了颇具价值的资料和研究方法。

It is generally acknowledged that Russian emigrant folk literature is an important part of the Russian folk literature. In the 1920s and 1930s Russian emigrant folk literature conducted their folklore research in the Slavic countries, Baltic States and Western European countries. The author attempts to summarize the studies of Russian emigrant folklorists, including Bogatyrev, Grigoriev, Anichkov, Fridrikh, Kozyrev, Anderson, Fedotov, Ilyin and Trubetskoi. As some of the emigrant folklorists pay attention to the collection of Russian folk literature outside the Soviet Union, some folklorists study the form characteristics of folk literature and some of them focus on the national cultural characteristics of oral literature, the Russian folklore studies have been enriched by their materials and research methods.