中国文化软实力评估:基于对上海外国留学生的调查

Evaluation on China's Cultural Soft Power:A Survey on Foreign Students in Shanghai

外国留学生对中国传统文化、地理名胜、产品品牌具有良好的熟知度,他们对中国整体文化软实力的评价较为正面,尤其表现在对中国文化设施、传统文化保护、政府办事效率等指标上。但是,他们对中国言论自由、政治民主、平等对待外国人的评价略呈现负面态势。来源国家是影响留学生对中国文化软实力评估的显著性变量,非洲、中亚以及越南等国家对中国文化软实力相关指标的评价要显著高于美国及其盟国日韩。获得中国政府奖学金的留学生对于中国传统文化、地理名胜、产品品牌的相关知识要显著高于拿到本国政府奖学金、自费或其他经费来源的留学生。有中国亲戚的留学生比没有的留学生在对中国文化软实力各项指标的评价中呈现更好的水平,虽然在某些指标上差异并不具有统计学显著性。针对2014至2016年连续三年的问卷调查,外国留学生对中国文化软实力的评估整体上有所上升。

Foreign students know well Chinese traditional culture,famous places and product brands.Their evaluation on China's overall cultural soft power is positive,especially on Chinese cultural facilities,the protection of Chinese traditional culture and the efficiency of the Chinese government.However,their opinion on the freedom of speech,political democracy,equal treatment towards foreigners shows a negative trend.The country of origin is a significant variable that affects the evaluation of Chinese cultural soft power by the foreign students.The evaluation on China's cultural soft power by the foreign students from Africa,Central Asia and Vietnam is significantly higher than from the United States and its allies,Japan and South Korea.The knowledge on Chinese traditional culture,geographical places of interest and product brand of those students who obtained Chinese government scholarships is significantly higher than others. The foreign students with Chinese relatives showed a better level of evaluation on China's cultural soft power than others,although there is no statistically significant difference in some indicators.From 2014 to 2016,foreign students'assessment on Chinese cultural soft power has increased overall.