内向性发展:理解地方经济增长的新视角

Introverted Development:A New Perspective of Understanding Local Economic Growth

中国改革开放以来的经济奇迹与地方政府(包括基层政权组织)的作用密不可分,但如何解释这种作用的发挥机制却是众说纷纭,当前存在两种主流的解释视角:"为增长而竞争"的视角认为地方经济增长是财政分权体制下地方政府间横向竞争的结果;"为自主而发展"的视角则认为是各层级地方政府围绕地方自主性进行纵向博弈的结果。在这两种视角下,发展动力与治理需求之间的关系并不紧密。"内向性发展"的视角强调地方政府发展经济的核心动力是为了解决本辖区行政或社会系统内部的问题,特别是实现地方治理中保稳定、保工资、保运转和保民生等基本目标。在这种视角之下,地方经济发展可以理解成是实现地方治理整体目标的一个手段,内敛与发展并不矛盾。

Since China's reform and opening up,economic miracles are closely related to the role of local governments (including grassroots political organizations).However,there are different opinions on how to explain the mechanism of this role.At present,there are two mainstream explanatory perspectives:the perspective of "Competition for Growth"holds that local economic growth is the result of horizontal competition among governments under the fiscal decentralization system.The view of "Developing for Autonomy"holds that it is the result of the vertical game of local governments at all levels around local autonomy.From these two perspectives, the relationship between development motivation and governance needs is not close.From the perspective of "Introverted Development",it is emphasized that the core motive force for local governments to develop economy is to solve the internal problems of their administrative or social systems,especially to achieve the basic objectives of maintaining stability,ensuring wages,ensuring operation and ensuring people's livelihood in local governance.From this perspective,local economic development can be understood as a means to achieve the overall goal of local governance,and there is no contradiction between restraint and development.