基于形态完整性的传统乡村聚落规划研究--聚落性能化提升规划技术的应用

RESEARCH ON THE TRADITIONAL RURAL SETTLEMENTS PLANNING BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL INTEGRATION: THE APPLICATION OF PERFORMANCE-BASED PLANNING TECHNIQUES

传统乡村聚落是建筑文化遗产的重要组成部分,是当地地理环境的物质形态表达与社会面貌的综合体现。但在我国快速城市化的进程中,传统聚落呈现出无比脆弱的应对能力,大量乡村聚落遭受"类城市"的建设性破坏,导致大量富有地域文化特色的空间形态消逝。本文尝试在对聚落格局分析的基础上,以性能化设计的理念为指导,从格局、风貌、基础设施、物理环境等方面进行评判,针对传统聚落的薄弱点,建构整体性能化提升规划框架和技术路径,把乡村传统聚落的空间格局与形态视为优先保护的对象,力求实现聚落环境保护与村民生活品质的同步提升,协调保护与发展的矛盾,实现乡村传统聚落的自然演进。

Traditional rural settlement is important cultural heritage and the comprehensive expression of local geographical environment and social appearance. However, during the rapid urbanization process in China, the traditional rural settlements presented an extremely fragile situation. A large number of them suffered from the "quasiurban" constructive destruction, resulting in the disappearance of spatial forms with rich regional cultural characteristics. This paper tries to take performance-based design method as principle to evaluate the layout, feature, infrastructure, and physical environment of rural settlements based on the pattern analysis. And in view of the weakness of traditional settlements, it establishes integrated performance-based planning framework and technical route which seeks to protect settlement environment and improve rural life quality synchronously, therefore coordinating the conflict between protection and development and realizing natural evolution of traditional rural settlements gradually.