清初诗学语境与宋荦的诗学观

The Poetic Context in Early Qing Dynasty and the Poetic View of Song Luo

宋荦在清初儒家"诗教"复兴、反思明朝诗学的背景下,提出了"诗者性情之所发"的命题,并提出了考镜源流、上下泛滥、避免模拟、悟得真诗的学诗方法论和诗歌创作论,他对清代初期形成的"宋诗热"进行了反思,批评了其"尊宋祧唐"的弊病,但宋荦的反思在一定程度上受到君主权力话语的影响,反映出当时在朝仕宦文人话语与最高权力话语的关系。在论述诗歌各体时,宋荦推崇杜甫和韩愈,同时也表露出对苏轼"弥觉神契"的审美趣味。其诗学观既反映了其在面对种种诗歌思潮时的行动,又在一定程度上反映了清初诗学领域的彷徨与选择。

Under the background of the revival of Confucian"poetic education"in the early Qing dynasty and the reflection on the poetics of the Ming dynasty,Song Luo put forward the proposition of"the origin of the poet’s temperament".He criticized the drawbacks of"respecting the Song dynasty and inheriting the Tang dynasty",but Song Luo’s reflection was influenced to some extent by the discourse of monarchical power.When discussing the various forms of poetry,Song Luo praised Du Fu and Han Yu,and at the same time revealed the aesthetic interest of Su Shi’s"Mi Jue Shen Qi".His poetics not only reflects his action in the face of various poetic trends,but also reflects to a certain extent the hesitation and choice in the field of poetics in the early Qing dynasty.