全面抗战时期西南大后方战略地位的确立

On the Establishment of Strategic Position in the Southwest Rear Area during the Anti-Japanese War

随着日本军国主义分子进一步侵吞中国野心的暴露,国民政府权衡利弊后逐步形成构筑四川、云南、广西、贵州为核心的战略大后方的设想。全面抗战爆发后,战事不断失利,东北部及东南沿海国土迅速沦丧,国民政府政治、军事机构被迫向后方撤离,特别是大批政府机构、工厂金融机构、教育文化机构及相关人员等迁入重庆、成都、桂林等地,大量沦陷区同胞避难流入西南,使得西南大后方政治地位急速上升,资源迅速汇聚,人口快速增加,经济得以稳定,城市获得发展,不仅成为全国抗战资源的汇聚地,也成为了全面抗战时期全国政治、经济、文化的中心,承担起了全面抗战时期战略中心的重任。

With the exposure of the ambition of Japanese militarists to further embezzle China,the National Government weighed the pros and cons and gradually formed the idea of building a strategic rear center with Sichuan,Yunnan,Guangxi,and Guizhou as the core.After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan in an all-round way,the territory of the northeast and southeast coastal areas was rapidly lost,and the political and military institutions of the National Government were forced to evacuate to the rear.In particular,a large number of government agencies,factory financial institutions,educational and cultural institutions and related personnel moved to Chongqing,Chengdu and Guilin,and a large number of displaced compatriots in the occupied areas fled to the southwest,causing the southwest rear area to flow.With the rapid rise of political status,the rapid convergence of resources,the rapid increase of population,the stabilization of economy and the development of cities,the cities in the southwest rear area had not only become the gathering place of national anti-Japanese war resources,but also the center of national politics,economy and culture during the period of the comprehensive anti-Japanese war,assuming the important task of the strategic center during the comprehensive anti-Japanese war.