大型轴系轴心的激光旋转测量方法

Laser Rotating Measurement Method Based on Large Shaft Axis

研究了大型轴系轴心的激光旋转测量方法,利用CCD相机采集激光光斑图像,通过数值拟合算法计算激光光斑所形成圆周的圆心位置,用以测量轴系轴心的空间位置。该方法消除了激光器装配定位误差导致的指向偏差和激光器不稳定导致的光束漂移。建立了激光旋转测量法测量精度的数学模型,进行数值模拟,计算结果表明:测量精度与激光旋转半径无关,与光斑采样点数成正比,接收屏与轴系轴心的垂直度偏差对测量精度影响不大。利用改进的最小二乘法进行数值拟合,进一步提高了激光旋转测量法的测量精度。

Laser rotation measurement method of large axle system is studied.Laser spot image is collected by CCD camera.The center position of the circle formed by laser spot is calculated by numerical fitting algorithm,which is used to measure the space position of axle system.This method eliminates the pointing error caused by laser assembly positioning error and the beam drift caused by laser instability.The mathematical model of measurement accuracy of laser rotation measurement method is established and numerical simulation is carried out.The calculation results show that the measurement accuracy is independent of the radius of laser rotation,proportional to the spot sampling points,and the vertical deviation between the receiving screen and the axis of the shafting has little effect on the measurement accuracy.The improved least square method is used for numerical fitting,which further improves the measurement accuracy of the laser rotation measurement method.