中国膳食平衡指数的修订:DBI＿16

UPDATE OF THE CHINESE DIET BALANCE INDEX:DBI＿16

目的依据2016年发布的中国居民膳食指南和平衡膳食宝塔,修订中国膳食平衡指数DBI_16,并对2010-2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测人群的膳食质量进行评价。方法根据膳食指南中的核心条目选择构成膳食平衡指数的单项食物指标,包括谷类食物、蔬菜水果、奶类及大豆类、动物性食物、纯能量食物、调味品、食物种类以及饮水量。参照平衡膳食宝塔建议的食物摄入量确定每个单项指标的分值及计分方法,以负端分、正端分、膳食质量距的方法进行计分评价。结果人群中负端分的中位数为29,73.6%的人存在中、高度的摄入不足;正端分的中位数为16,有27.9%的人存在中、高度的摄入过量;膳食质量距的中位数为45,7.0%的人存在高度的膳食不均衡。结论 DBI_16的定义及评价方法,反映了新版中国居民膳食指南的基本原理,既能反映摄入不足又能反映摄入过量,可用于评价群体和个体的膳食营养状况。

Objective To revise Chinese Diet Balance Index(DBI) based on current Chinese dietary guidelines and Food Guide Pagoda(2016)and evaluate the dietary quality of adults derived from 2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance. Methods Cereals,vegetable and fruit, bean and dairy, animal food, empty energy food, condiments, as well as food variety and drinking water were selected to build up Diet Balance Index Revision(DBI16).The components were weighted and assigned cut-offs score based on Chinese Food Guide Pagoda. Three scoring methods(LBS-Low Bound Score, HBS-High Bound Score, DQD-Diet Quality Distance) were used to evaluate the dietary quality. Results The median of LBS, HBS and DQD were 29, 16 and 45, respectively. About 73.6% adults were moderate or severe under intake of foods.27.9% adults were moderate or severe over intake of foods, 7.0% were severe dietary unbalance. Conclusion The DBI16 reflects the principles of new dietary guidelines. The scoring method can reflect both under and over intake. DBI16 can be used as a measurement to evaluate the dietary quality of the individuals or the population.