中国环境风险治理转型:动力机制与推进策略

Transformation of China's Environmental Risk Governance:A Dynamic Mechanism and Promotion Strategy

从管理走向治理,是应对中国转型时期环境高风险的必然选择,也是提升环境综合治理能力,进而推动国家治理能力与治理体系现代化的重要保障。基于风险治理的研究视角,以中国环境风险治理转型的缘由为研究出发点,重点关注转型背后的动力机制,并据此提出四个具体的推进策略。通过研究发现,环境风险治理转型的动力机制只有依赖于外部动力与内部动力的有效对接与耦合,才能实现合法性与有效性的统一。其中,外部动力包括环境风险诉求的拉力、国家价值认知变迁的引导力、传统风险管理体制的压力以及风险治理理论的支撑力;内部动力包括利益需求的驱动力、参与激励的推动力与治理能力的保障力。

The change from management to governance is the inevitable choice to deal with the high risk of the environment in China's transition period,and also an important guarantee for enhancing the ability of comprehensive environmental governance and for promoting the modernization of the national governance capacity and system.Based on the research perspective of risk governance,this paper takes the causes of the transformation of China's environmental risk governance as the starting point,focuses on the dynamic mechanism behind the transformation,and puts forward four specific strategies.The study found that for the dynamic mechanism of the transformation of environmental risk governance,only the effective docking and coupling of external power and internal power can realize the unity of legitimacy and effectiveness.The external power includes the pull of environmental risk demand,the guidance of the change of national value cognition,the pressure of the traditional risk management system and the support of the theory of risk governance;the internal power includes the driving force of the interest demand and the incentive participation and the guarantee of the governance ability.