加拿大大学校园安全管理:政策支持、实施及启示

Campus Security in Canada:Policies,Implementing and Enlightenment

校园安全管理是大学管理的重要内容。为应对大学校园恶性案件可能增发的困境,加拿大各大学近些年来愈加重视校园安全管理。在不断修改、增订大学校园安全政策,获得校园安全服务的法律依据的基础上,加拿大各大学通过依靠社区治安办公室、应急管理办公室、校园健康中心、性暴力预防和应对办公室等组织,在专业的校园安全管理人员、校园警察、保安人员及大学生志愿者的配合下,采取多种措施维护校园安全。加拿大大学校园安全管理对我国的可借鉴之处体现为:在校园安全政策、法规的制定上,应更加细致和精密;在校园安全管理方式上,实现从单一的行政管理到多元化管理的转变;在校园安全信息的流动与交换上,从单一发布走向多主体互动;在校园安全维护人员素质上,实现从业余、半专业到专业的提升。

Campus security is an important part of university governance.To cope with the possible predicaments caused by illegal cases on campuses,universities in Canada have been paying more attention to campus security.They obtain considerate support from provincial government and keep revising campus security policies.Usually some universities in Canada set up departments of campus safety,such as Community Security Offices,Emergency Management Departments,Campus Health & Wellness Centre and Sexual Violence Prevention and Response Office and so on,and recruit professional employees,campus polices,security guards and volunteers to carry out routine campus security of crisis prevention and intervention.The enlightment for Chinese universities from Canadian experience may include carrying out more elaborate campus security regulations,transforming from single administration to diversified governance,releasing campus safety information from only one publication way to multi-agent interaction,hiring and retraining campus safety management staff.