胎盘生长因子在妊娠期糖尿病患者胎盘中抑制滋养细胞凋亡的作用研究

Effect of PLGF on the Inhibition of Trophoblast Apoptosis in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Placental

目的:探讨胎盘生长因子(PLGF)对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者胎盘滋养细胞凋亡的影响。方法:收集20例GDM和20例正常孕妇胎盘组织,采用HE染色法观察GDM患者胎盘组织形态学变化。TUNEL染色以及Caspase-3活性检测胎盘中细胞凋亡情况。Western blot检测胎盘中PLGF蛋白表达情况,免疫组化观察PLGF的原位表达。离体培养人绒毛滋养细胞(HTR-8/SVneo),分为对照组、高糖组(HG)、PLGF+高糖组(PLGF+HG)和PLGF组,应用流式细胞术检测各组HTR-8/SVneo滋养细胞的凋亡率。结果:与对照组相比,GDM患者胎盘中滋养细胞凋亡明显减少,Caspase-3活性明显减弱。PLGF在GDM胎盘中的表达明显高于对照组;高糖诱导HTR-8/SVneo滋养细胞凋亡增加,PLGF预处理明显逆转高糖诱导的HTR-8/SVneo滋养细胞凋亡增加。结论:GDM患者胎盘中滋养细胞凋亡明显减少,而胎盘中PLGF表达升高。离体实验进一步证明PLGF能够抑制高糖所致HTR-8/SVneo滋养细胞凋亡增加,因此PLGF表达升高可能是GDM患者胎盘中滋养细胞凋亡减少的原因。

Objective: To explore the effect of placental growth factor( PLGF) on the apoptosis of placental trophoblast in gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM).Methods: 20 cases of GDM and 20 normal maternal placenta were collected.The morphological changes of placenta in GDM patients were observed by HE staining.The apoptosis in placenta was detected by TUNEL stanning and Caspase-3 activity.The expression of PLGF in placenta was detected by Western blot,and showed by immunohistochemical morphology.Human extravillous trophoblast cells( HTR-8/SVneo) cultured in vitro were divided into control group,high glucose( HG) group,PLGF group and PLGF+HG group.The apoptosis of each group was detected by flow cytometry.Results: Compared with the control group,the apoptosis of placental trophoblast in GDM patients was significantly reduced,and the Caspase-3 activity was significantly weakened.The expression of PLGF in GDM placenta was significantly higher than that in the control group.Highglucose induced the trophoblast apoptosis,and PLGF preconditioning significantly reversed it.Conclusions: In the placenta of GDM patients,the apoptosis of trophoblast was significantly reduced,while the expression of PLGF in placenta increased. In vitro experiments showed that PLGF could inhibit the apoptosis.Therefore,the increased expression of PLGF may be responsible for the decrease of trophoblast apoptosis in placenta of GDM patients.