清明节与亡灵节祭祀色彩和情感基调之比较

Comparison of sacrificial color and emotional tone between Qingming Festival and Dead Spirit Festival

祭祀是我国清明节和墨西哥土著亡灵节节庆仪式中最主要的组成部分。节日给人们一个将生与死联系在一起的契机,作为节日重要节庆仪式的祭祀就是将生与死建立联系的桥梁。人们通过祭祀来表达对先人的怀念和尊敬,在历史中积淀下来的祭祀习俗也成了鲜明的传统文化符号。清明节祭祀庄严肃穆,祈求阴阳两界的安宁;亡灵节祭祀人们却愉悦欢快地迎接亡灵回家,面对死亡毫不避讳,乐观豁达。两个节日的祭祀习俗既有相同点,也有很大的差别。本文将首先从两个节日祭祀习俗中祭品、祭祀着装的差异及流变比较两个节日色彩的不同,进而对两个节日情感基调及其成因进行探究。

Sacrifice is the most important part of Qing Ming Festival and Mexican Native Dead Festival celebrations. Festivals give people an opportunity to link life and death. As an important festival ceremony, sacrifice is a bridge to link life and death. People express their nostalgia and respect for their ancestors through sacrifice, and the sacrificial customs accumulated in history have become distinct traditional cultural symbols. Qingming Festival sacrifices are solemn and solemn, praying for the tranquility of Yin and Yang, while the people sacrificed on the Festival of the Dead welcome the dead home happily and optimistically. The sacrificial customs of the two festivals have both similarities and great differences. This article will first compare the differences and changes of the two festivals’ sacrificial dresses and sacrificial offerings from the two festivals’ sacrificial customs, and then explore the emotional tone and its causes of the two festivals.