中国特色减贫实践:1978—2018——基于贫困治理体系和治理能力分析框架视角

The Practice of Poverty Alleviation with Chinese Characteristics from 1978 to 2018:Under the Analytical Framework of Poverty Alleviation System and Governance Capability

改革开放40年来,中国贫困治理成就举世公认。中国反贫困能够取得胜利的重要原因,在于改革开放40年来我们形成了中国特色贫困治理体系:在价值取向中坚持人民性,具有"救急"性、发展性;在制度体系中建立了专门领导机构体系,持续推进改革以建立促进农村发展农民增收的制度体系,相继制定了系列战略性规划,不断制定和完善系列配套政策;在反贫困行动中注重解决"扶持谁""谁来扶""怎么扶"的问题。中国的减贫成就不仅是实实在在地将贫困减少了,而且还为人类减贫事业提供了可资借鉴的减贫模式和方案,为世界许多发展中国家同贫困斗争提供了成功范例,这一成就彰显了我国的贫困治理能力。

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China's achievements in poverty alleviation have been universally acknowledged.China's success in anti-poverty lies in the construction of a poverty alleviation system with Chinese characteristics in the past 40 years of reform andopening-up: upholding the people-oriented value, focusing on urging issues and needs for development, establishing specified system of specialized leadingagencies, carrying forward reform to promote rural development and increase farmers' income, continually formulating a series of strategic plans, improvinga series of supporting policies, and focusing on working out issues of"whom to support","who to support", and"how to support"in anti-poverty action.China's achievements in poverty reduction not only reduce real poverty, but also present referable mode and program for the poverty reduction all over theworld. They provide a successful example for many developing countries in the world to fight poverty and demonstrate China's national governing capacity for poverty alleviation.