《资本论》中的“三个崭新因素”及其对构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学的理论启迪

On “Three New Factors” in Das Kapital and Their Major Theoretical Enlightenment to the Construction of Socialist Political Economics with Chinese Characteristics

马克思将《资本论》第一卷所阐明的创新理论概括为"三个崭新因素",即"劳动二重性""剩余价值"和"工资的本质"。这"三个崭新因素"是马克思主义政治经济学区别于以往任何经济理论的鲜明之处,承载着马克思主义政治经济学理论的精髓。这"三个崭新因素"不仅是近代资本主义生产关系形成和发展的必备要素,还是马克思主义政治经济学的理论支柱。作为马克思主义政治经济学的"基础""核心"和"关键",这"三个崭新因素"对构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学具有重要的理论启迪作用。

Marx summarized the innovative theory expounded in Volume one of Das Kapital as"three new factors", namely"duality of labor","surplus value"and"the nature of wage". The three new factors markedly distinguish Marxist political economics from any other previous economic theories, and bearsthe essence of Marxist political economics. This paper first respectively outlines the main contents of the three new factors, and then explains that theinterrelationship of the three factors is not only necessary for the formation and development of modern capitalist production relations, but also serves as thetheoretical pillar of Marxist political economics. Finally, it focuses on the theoretical enlightenment of the"three new factors", which constitute"basis","core" and "key" of Marxist political economics, to the construction of socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics.