基于竞争者导向的再创能力形成及其对创新绩效的作用研究

The Formation of Generative Capability based on Competitor Orientation and Its Effect on Innovation Performance

后发企业的核心技术与知识产权受制于先发企业,这要求后发企业必须不断提升创新能力。基于对我国后发企业追赶的实践观察,发现成功实现追赶的后发企业较多地采用了迭代创新的模式,即在现有产品的基础上,通过持续地优化,开发出多代新产品获取动态竞争优势,进而实现追赶。基于上述观察,提出再创能力的概念以揭示中国情境下后发企业追赶所具备的独特能力,并从竞争者导向视角揭示再创能力的形成机理及对创新绩效的作用。基于211家企业的数据实证研究表明:竞争者导向与再创能力之间存在显著正相关关系,知识整合在竞争者导向与再创能力之间发挥完全中介作用,创造性模仿在二者之间发挥部分中介作用;再创能力与创新绩效之间存在显著的正相关关系,技术波动负向调节再创能力与创新绩效之间的关系。

The latecomers should develop innovation capability to achieve catch-up in the context of the restriction of core technology and knowledge from forerunners. According to the experience of latecomers in China,the finding is that most of the latecomers implement iteration innovation model, who have achieved catch-up.That means latecomers can attain multi generation products and continuous optimization products on the basis of the existing products, aiming to obtain dynamic competitive advantages and achieve catch-up. Finally, putting forward the concepts of generative capability is to explore mechanism with the consideration of iterative innovation and competitor orientation, as well as discusses how competitor orientation affects generative capability through knowledge integration and creative imitation. Building on existing research, this paper proposes a conceptual model to explain generative capability and its effect on innovation performance, which is tested through large-scale survey of 211 firms. The results show that competitor orientation is positively related to generative capability.Knowledge integration fully mediates the relationship between competitor orientation and generative capability while creative imitation does a partially mediation role. Generative capability positively influences innovation performance, and the above relationship is weakened by technological turbulence.