中国撤县设区40年:回顾与思考

40 years of China's Turning Counties into Suburban Districts:Review and Reflection

行政区划对国家行政管理有着重要影响。通过对"无辖县城市"的类型学分析,以及对县、市、区这三种县级行政区划主要形式的比较,进一步探究了撤县设区的制度动因,并对改革开放以来40年的撤县设区进行了回顾与反思:撤县设区与城市化应相互良性促进,并兼顾极化效应与扩散效应的平衡;撤县设区与区域一体化提高了中心城市的首位度,有利于区域的整体长远发展;撤县设区是城市化发展的重要工具,但需防止其被工具化使用,要遏制大城市"摊大饼"冲动,形成集约式的城市化发展模式。

Administrative division has an important impact on state administration. Through the typological analysis of the "city with no county under its jurisdiction"and the comparison of the three main forms of county-level administrative division,the institutional motivation of turning counties into suburban districts is further explored. While retrospecting 40 years' practice of turning counties into suburban districts,this paper also provides reflections on it: the process of turning counties into suburban districts and urbanization should be mutually beneficial,and the balance between polarization effects and diffusion effects should be considered;turning counties into suburban districts and regional integration increase the urban primacy of central cities,which is conducive to the overall long-term development of the region;turning counties into suburban districts is an important tool for urbanization development,but it needs to be prevented from being used only as a tool. It is necessary to curb the impulse of over expansion of large cities and form an intensive urbanization development model.