我国研究型大学本科生学习时间与学业任务的调查研究

An Empirical Study of Undergraduate Study Time and Academic Tasks in Research Universities in China

对我国研究型大学本科生学习时间与学业任务的调查发现:课堂授课时间过多,学生课下自主学习时间较少,尤其低年级本科生的课外学习时间显著少于美国I类研究型大学的同级学生;学业负担的"大小年"情况突出;指定书籍和材料的阅读量均少于美国研究型大学学生,课程的课外学习要求与指导不足;长篇论文、报告的写作量大于美国研究型高校学生,短篇论文写作量则远小于美国学生;大学课程重结果性评估、轻形成性评价,缺乏学习过程质量保障机制。我国研究型大学应为本科生创设挑战性与支持性并存的学习体验,以本科人才培养模式改革等支撑合理增负,同时为学生发展提供制度保障和资源支持。

Investigating the undergraduate study time and academic tasks in China research universities,it found that there're more classroom lecturing time,and less self-learning;comparing with junior undergraduates in American intensive research universities,those in China had much less extracurricular study time;the annual distribution of the academic burden was extremely uneven;reading quantity of China undergraduates was less than that of America,with insufficient requirements and guidance for their extracurricular learning;for writing,there're more long papers and reports in China,while more short papers in America;and summative evaluation was stressed,underrating formative evaluation,lack of quality assurance mechanisms for learning process.China research universities should create challenging and supportive learning experience for undergraduates and assign more academic tasks,based on institutional guarantee and resource support for students' development.