智能化诊疗技术在普通外科中应用现状及前景

The current situation and prospects of the application of intelligent diagnosis and treatment technology in the general surgery

随着时代的发展,一系列创新智能化诊疗技术的出现为疾病诊断和治疗提供了新的策略和手段,有助于推动我国普通外科学的发展。本文结合国内外相关文献,回顾了数字医学智能化诊疗技术,如三维可视化、三维打印、混合现实、分子荧光成像、人工智能-影像组学、腹部手术导航和光声成像等在普通外科中的应用。三维可视化改变了传统"二维"疾病诊疗模式;三维打印是三维图像向立体物理模型的跨越式转变;混合现实打破了数字化虚拟世界与物理真实世界的界限,为传统外科手术带来了技术革新;吲哚氰绿分子荧光成像从分子、细胞水平层面实现肿瘤边界界定、微小或转移病灶侦测及术中实时导航;人工智能-影像组学有助于提高疾病诊断的准确率、预测风险和效果;腹部外科手术导航可提高手术的精确性和安全性;高精度-跨尺度光声显微成像可从分子、细胞、微血管层面进行肿瘤边界界定,指导肿瘤的精准切除。数字医学及人工智能有望成为普通外科诊疗的新方向。

With the development of the times, a series of innovative intelligent diagnosis and treatment techniques have emerged, providing new strategies and means for disease diagnosis and treatment, which is helpful for promoting the development of general surgery in China. This article, combined with relevant literature at home and abroad, reviews the application of digital medical intelligent diagnosis and treatment technologies in general surgery,such as three-dimensional visualization,three-dimentional printing, mixed reality, molecular fluorescence imaging, artificial intelligence-imaging omics, abdominal surgery navigation and photoacoustic imaging. Three-dimentional visualization has changed the traditional "two-dimensional" disease diagnosis and treatment mode;three-dimentional printing of three-dimentional images is a leap-forward transition to stereoscopic physical models;mixed reality has broken the boundary between the digital virtual world and the physical real world, bringing technological innovation to traditional surgery;Indocyanine green molecular fluorescence imaging has achieved tumor boundary definition, micro or metastatic lesion detection and intraoperative real-time navigation at the molecular and cellular level;artificial intelligence-imaging omics can improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis and predict risk and efficacy;abdominal surgical navigation can improve the accuracy and safety of the operation;high precision-cross-scale photoacoustic microscopy can define the tumor boundary from the molecular, cellular and microvascular levels to guide the precise resection of the tumor;finally, this paper looks forward to the new direction of general surgery diagnosis and treatment represented by digital medicine and artificial intelligence.