植物根系成像技术研究进展及马铃薯根系研究应用前景

Progresses of Root Imaging Technology and the PerspectiveApplication on Potato Root Analysis

根系是植物从土壤中吸收营养物质和水分并支撑植物地上部分的重要器官,是植物研究的热点之一。然而,由于植物根系生长环境的复杂性和不透明性,导致植物根系研究发展相对缓慢。近年来,根系成像技术的出现和快速发展为植物根系的研究提供了更直观、有效的研究方法。马铃薯是收获地下块茎的主粮作物,地下根系成像技术在马铃薯研究中的应用尤为重要。本文通过系统整理和对比传统成像技术(玻璃板法和玻璃管法)和现代成像技术(中子成像技术、X射线扫描技术、核磁共振成像技术、探地雷达、荧光成像技术、激光共聚焦成像技术、多光谱成像技术、高光谱成像技术和计算机断层扫描成像技术等)的优缺点和应用范围。根据马铃薯的生长特性以及生长环境的综合评价,筛选出能够原位监测马铃薯根系发育且不破坏其生长的成像技术和高效的图像分析系统,以期为今后成像技术在块根块茎类植物根系研究中广泛应用提供理论依据。

Root system was an important organ for plants to absorb nutrients and moisture from the soil and support the aboveground part of plants, and it was one of the hotspots of plant research. However, due to the complexity and opacity of the plant root growth environment, the development of plant roots was relatively slow. In recent years, the rapid development of root imaging technology provided a more intuitive and effective research method for the plant roots study. Potato was the main crop harvesting underground tubers, and the application of underground root imaging technology in potato research was particularly important. In this paper, the advantages, the disadvantages and application area of the traditional imaging technology(glass pane and glass tube method) and the modern imaging technology(Neutron imaging technology, X-ray scanning technology, Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging technology, Fluorescence imaging technology, Laser confocal imaging technology, Multi-spectral imaging technology, Hyperspectral imaging technology and Computed tomography imaging technology, etc.) were systematically summarized and compared. In addition, according to the potato growth characteristics and growth environment, several efficient imaging technology and analysis system monitoring potato root development in situ were screened. This review offered a reference for the selection of imaging technology that could be widely adapted to the tuberous plants research.